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{{Church History}}
Irenaeus commended the Church at Rome for their Apostolic succession, which is an unbroken line of Bishops in the Churches since the apostles. Irenaeus, who was only the third from the Apostles (through Polycarp to John), wrote:
Irenaeus commended the Church at Rome for their Apostolic succession, which is an unbroken line of Bishops in the Churches since the apostles. Irenaeus, who was only the third from the Apostles (through Polycarp to John), wrote:


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Despite this apostolic succession, which Irenaeus reckoned was present in most churches, Irenaeus himself traveled to Rome to rebuke two Bishops during his lifetime (much like Paul did to Peter) and both submitted to his rebuke.   
Despite this apostolic succession, which Irenaeus reckoned was present in most churches, Irenaeus himself traveled to Rome to rebuke two Bishops during his lifetime (much like Paul did to Peter) and both submitted to his rebuke.   


Heresies arise within established Churches when they do not take correction.  This history shows how the heart of the Church at Rome was lost to sin, while retaining its pious exterior.  Apostolic succession is no replacement for repentance and conversion.  
Heresies arise within established Churches when they do not take correction.  This history shows how the heart of the Church at Rome was lost to sin, while retaining its pious exterior.  Apostolic succession is no replacement for repentance and conversion.


 
==67 A.D. to 199 A.D.==
==67 A.D. to 200 A.D.==
Due to martyrdom, exile, and persecutions in Rome, there was no pastor in this Church in 116 A.D.


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
|+ style="background:#cedff2; text-align:center; border: 1px solid #B8C7D9;"|'''Early Bishops of Rome''' (from ''Liber Pontificalus'', and the writings of Irenaeus)
|+ style="background:#cedff2; text-align:center; border: 1px solid #B8C7D9;"|'''Early Bishops of Rome''' <ref>(from ''Liber Pontificalus'', and the writings of Irenaeus)</ref>
|-
|-
!Name
!Name
Line 81: Line 81:
||174
||174
||Decreed that marriage is only valid if blessed by a priest.  
||Decreed that marriage is only valid if blessed by a priest.  
|-
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable"
|+ style="background:#cedff2; text-align:center; border: 1px solid #B8C7D9;"|'''Early Bishops of Rome''' (from ''Liber Pontificalus'', a Roman Catholic document)
|-
!Name
!Start
!End
!Significant activity
|- valign="top"
|- valign="top"
|Eleuterus
|Eleuterus
Line 102: Line 91:
||199
||199
||From Africa, he (1) started mass in latin, and (2) excommunicated himself from all other churches for not agreeing with him on the date of Easter.  After a rebuke from Irenaeus, he resumed this fellowship.  
||From Africa, he (1) started mass in latin, and (2) excommunicated himself from all other churches for not agreeing with him on the date of Easter.  After a rebuke from Irenaeus, he resumed this fellowship.  
|-
|}
==200 A.D. to 400 A.D.==
Many of the following people only served as Bishop in Rome for a very short period.  This is due to the intense persecution from the Roman Empire, and then religious interest by the Roman Empire in the Christian Church.  Eusebius, for example, was pastor of Rome for one day.  Anastasius I became the first Bishop to use the title "Pope" in 400 A.D.
{| class="wikitable"
|+ style="background:#cedff2; text-align:center; border: 1px solid #B8C7D9;"|'''Early Bishops of Rome''' <ref>from ''Liber Pontificalus'', a Roman Catholic document </ref>
|-
!Name
!Start
!End
!Significant activity
|- valign="top"
|- valign="top"
|Zephyrinus
|Zephyrinus
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||314
||314
||Little known.
||Little known.
|-
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable"
|+ style="background:#cedff2; text-align:center; border: 1px solid #B8C7D9;"|'''Early Bishops of Rome''' (from ''Liber Pontificalus'', a Roman Catholic document)
|-
!Name
!Start
!End
!Significant activity
|- valign="top"
|- valign="top"
|Silvester I
|Silvester I
||314
||314
||335
||335
||Present at the Council of Nicea, gave gifts to Constantine I, condemned Arianism.  
||Present at the Council of Nicaea, gave gifts to Constantine I, condemned Arianism.  
|- valign="top"
|- valign="top"
|Mark
|Mark
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||401
||401
||FIRST BISHOP TO USE THE TITLE OF POPE.  Condemned writings of Origen
||FIRST BISHOP TO USE THE TITLE OF POPE.  Condemned writings of Origen
|-
|-
|}
==400 A.D. to 600 A.D.==
{| class="wikitable"
|+ style="background:#cedff2; text-align:center; border: 1px solid #B8C7D9;"|'''Early Bishops of Rome''' <ref>from ''Liber Pontificalus'', a Roman Catholic document</ref>
|-
!Name
!Start
!End
!Significant activity
|- valign="top"
|- valign="top"
|Innocent I
|Innocent I
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||604
||604
||Converted the Anglo-Saxon kings (through arranged marriages) to counter the spread of Christianity from Ireland, which had developed independently from Rome.  
||Converted the Anglo-Saxon kings (through arranged marriages) to counter the spread of Christianity from Ireland, which had developed independently from Rome.  
|- valign="top"
|Sabinian
||604
||606
||Little known, started the ringing of Bells at the Eucharist.
|-
|-
|}
|}


 
==600 A.D. to 800 A.D.==
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
|+ style="background:#cedff2; text-align:center; border: 1px solid #B8C7D9;"|'''Bishops of Rome during the Dark Ages'''
|+ style="background:#cedff2; text-align:center; border: 1px solid #B8C7D9;"|'''Bishops of Rome during the Dark Ages'''
Line 380: Line 378:
!End
!End
!Significant activity
!Significant activity
|- valign="top"
|Sabinian
||604
||606
||Little known, started the ringing of Bells at the Eucharist.
|- valign="top"
|- valign="top"
|Boniface III
|Boniface III
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||795
||795
||Good relations with Charlemagne, who conquered the Lombards.   
||Good relations with Charlemagne, who conquered the Lombards.   
|-
|}
==800 A.D. to 1000 A.D.==
{| class="wikitable"
|+ style="background:#cedff2; text-align:center; border: 1px solid #B8C7D9;"|'''Bishops of Rome during the Dark Ages'''
|-
!Name
!Start
!End
!Significant activity
|- valign="top"
|- valign="top"
|Leo III
|Leo III
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||999
||999
||Grandson of Otto I, Pope at 24. Crowned Otto III Emperor.  Otto and Gregory publicly mutilated antipope Cresentius II.  Died suddenly.  
||Grandson of Otto I, Pope at 24. Crowned Otto III Emperor.  Otto and Gregory publicly mutilated antipope Cresentius II.  Died suddenly.  
|-
|}
==1000 A.D. to 1200 A.D.==
{| class="wikitable"
|+ style="background:#cedff2; text-align:center; border: 1px solid #B8C7D9;"|'''Bishops of Rome during the Dark Ages'''
|-
!Name
!Start
!End
!Significant activity
|- valign="top"
|- valign="top"
|Silvester II
|Silvester II
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||1198
||1198
||Confirmed the Teutonic order of knights. Crowned, then excommunicated Henry VI (Emperor)
||Confirmed the Teutonic order of knights. Crowned, then excommunicated Henry VI (Emperor)
|-
|}
==1200 A.D. to 1400 A.D.==
{| class="wikitable"
|+ style="background:#cedff2; text-align:center; border: 1px solid #B8C7D9;"|'''Bishops of Rome during the Dark Ages'''
|-
!Name
!Start
!End
!Significant activity
|- valign="top"
|- valign="top"
|Innocent III
|Innocent III
Line 1,000: Line 1,039:
||1404
||1404
||Re-established Rome's power.  Numerous stuff.
||Re-established Rome's power.  Numerous stuff.
|-
|}
==1400 A.D. to 1600 A.D.==
{| class="wikitable"
|+ style="background:#cedff2; text-align:center; border: 1px solid #B8C7D9;"|'''Bishops of Rome during the Renaissance'''
|-
!Name
!Start
!End
!Significant activity
|- valign="top"
|- valign="top"
|Innocent VII
|Innocent VII
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||1513
||1513
||Founded the Swiss guard.  Michelangelo painted the Sistine Chapel.  Formed the Holy League of 1511 and expelled the French from Italy.  Was a political and miliatry, rather than a religious leader.  
||Founded the Swiss guard.  Michelangelo painted the Sistine Chapel.  Formed the Holy League of 1511 and expelled the French from Italy.  Was a political and miliatry, rather than a religious leader.  
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable"
|+ style="background:#cedff2; text-align:center; border: 1px solid #B8C7D9;"|'''Bishops of Rome during the Reformation'''
|-
!Name
!Start
!End
!Significant activity
|- valign="top"
|- valign="top"
|Leo X
|Leo X
Line 1,151: Line 1,191:
||1605
||1605
||Openly anti-simetic, vigorous law enforcement, established peace through politics.  
||Openly anti-simetic, vigorous law enforcement, established peace through politics.  
|-
|}
==1600 A.D. to 1800 A.D.==
{| class="wikitable"
|+ style="background:#cedff2; text-align:center; border: 1px solid #B8C7D9;"|'''Bishops of Rome during European Colonization'''
|-
!Name
!Start
!End
!Significant activity
|- valign="top"
|- valign="top"
|Leo XI
|Leo XI
Line 1,231: Line 1,282:
||1758
||1758
||Ruled on ancestor worship vs. veneration of saints, and the name of God in Chinese.  
||Ruled on ancestor worship vs. veneration of saints, and the name of God in Chinese.  
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable"
|+ style="background:#cedff2; text-align:center; border: 1px solid #B8C7D9;"|'''Bishops of Rome'''
|-
!Name
!Start
!End
!Significant activity
|- valign="top"
|- valign="top"
|Clement XIII
|Clement XIII
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||1799
||1799
||French Revolution.  Was finally taken captive and died in French custody.  Effigy burnt in France.   
||French Revolution.  Was finally taken captive and died in French custody.  Effigy burnt in France.   
|-
|}
==1800 A.D. to Present==
{| class="wikitable"
|+ style="background:#cedff2; text-align:center; border: 1px solid #B8C7D9;"|'''Bishops of Rome in Recent History'''
|-
!Name
!Start
!End
!Significant activity
|- valign="top"
|- valign="top"
|Pius VII
|Pius VII
Line 1,276: Line 1,327:
||1831
||1831
||1846
||1846
||Opposed democracy, banned railways in papal states, opposed to progress.  Involved in numerous executions.  Loved playing blind-man's bluff with cardinals, and known to throw handfulls of money to his servants off his balcony, while he laughed at them scrambling for the money.
||Opposed democracy, banned railways in papal states, opposed to progress.  Involved in numerous executions.  Loved playing blind-man's bluff with cardinals, and known to throw handfulls of money to his servants off his balcony, while he laughed at them scrambling for the money.
|- valign="top"
|- valign="top"
|Pius IX
|Pius IX
Line 1,292: Line 1,343:
||1914
||1914
||Motto was " Instaurare Omnia in Christo, or "to restore all things in Christ."  Restored the Gregorian Chant. Denounced the separation of church and state in France. Wrote against modernization and revelation. 
||Motto was " Instaurare Omnia in Christo, or "to restore all things in Christ."  Restored the Gregorian Chant. Denounced the separation of church and state in France. Wrote against modernization and revelation. 
|- valign="top"
|Benedict XV
||1914
||1922
||WWI. Fought for a settled peace from 1914 vs. a total victory by one side or the other. Strong devotion to the Virgin Mary and humanitarian efforts.
|- valign="top"
|Pius XI
||1922
||1939
||Inaugurated the Catholic Action movement.  Established Vatican Radio. On exumenism, ruled that protestants could only be reconciled by denouncing all the doctrines they rejected.  Vatican city receives sovereignty.  Mixed response to the rise of Hitler and Mussolini.
|- valign="top"
|Pius XII
||1939
||1958
||Used Papal infallibility to define assumption of Mary.  Addressed family planning and evolution. Appointed two Jews to work in the Vatican, but did not assist the thousands who died in concentration camps.  Stalled diplomated efforts to export Jews to safer countries.  Non-responsive in WWII.  Described by the British foreign council as the "the greatest moral coward of our age".  The vatican stated that it was "unable to denounce publicly particular atrocities" and only addressed humanity in vague and general terms.  Opposed communism. 
|- valign="top"
|John XXIII
||1958
||1963
||Called the second vatican council to promote ecumenism.  Met with the archbishop of Canterbury.  Awarded the "presidential medal of Freedom" by U.S. president Lyndon B. Johnson.
|- valign="top"
|Paul VI
||1963
||1978
||Implemented the decrees of the second vatican council. Addressed birth control. Met with orthodox patriarch, and travelled the world.
|- valign="top"
|John Paul I
||1978
||1978
||Lasted 33 days.  Known as the smiling Pope.
|- valign="top"
|John Paul II
||1978
||2005
||Instrumental in the fall of communism, expanded influence in the third world. Appealed to the youth. was morally conservative.  Travelled worldwide.  Supported ecumenism.
|- valign="top"
|Benedict XVI
||2005
||present
||Fights secularism, promotes ecumenism. Deals with strong allegations of paedophiles in the priesthood under his watch as Archbishop, Cardinal and Pope. 
|-
|-
|}
|}
 
 
 


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[[Category:Doctrines]]
[[Category:The Seven Church Ages]]
[[Category:Church history]]
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