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Reason and Faith: Difference between revisions
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Is reason and thinking opposed to God? | |||
People in the message have said to us when confronted with errors in William Branham's message: | |||
:'''''We don't have to understand it, that’s where faith comes in.” | |||
=Cast down reasoning?= | |||
==William Branham's teaching== | |||
William Branham was opposed to reasoning: | |||
:''Notice, we cannot, we must not, listen to any other man's word. We don't care how smart, how educated. '''The Bible, in Proverbs, says, "We must cast down reasonings."''' See? Now, here in this second realm... | |||
:''First realm is your senses of see, taste, feel, smell, and hear. That's in your outer body. | |||
On the inner body, which is the spirit, is reasonings and thought, and so forth. We must cast all that down.<ref>CHRIST.IS.REVEALED.IN.HIS.OWN.WORD_ JEFF.IN V-4 N-10 SUNDAY_ 65-0822M</ref> | |||
==What the Bible actually says== | |||
The scripture that William Branham appears to be referring to is this: | |||
:''Casting down imaginations, and every high thing that exalteth itself against the knowledge of God, and bringing into captivity every thought to the obedience of Christ... <ref>The Holy Bible: King James Version, Electronic Edition of the 1900 Authorized Version. (Bellingham, WA: Logos Research Systems, Inc., 2009), 2 Co 10:5.</ref> | |||
But what does this mean? | |||
:''We are destroying speculations and every lofty thing raised up against the knowledge of God, and we are taking every thought captive to the obedience of Christ...<ref>New American Standard Bible: 1995 Update (LaHabra, CA: The Lockman Foundation, 1995), 2 Co 10:5.</ref> | |||
:''We tear down arguments and every arrogant obstacle that is raised up against the knowledge of God, and we take every thought captive to make it obey Christ. | |||
Biblical Studies Press, The NET Bible First Edition; Bible. English. NET Bible.; The NET Bible (Biblical Studies Press, 2006), 2 Co 10:4–5. | |||
=How does faith start?= | |||
Faith always starts with information. It starts with thinking. | |||
How do you develop enough faith in somebody to marry them? What do you say? | |||
Well, I suppose there are some fools who do this. You look at her, and you say, “She is gorgeous. I don’t want to know anything else about her. I don’t want to talk to people about what kind of person she is. I don’t want to spend time with her to find out just really what kind of character she has. I don’t want to know the facts. I don’t want to know the facts. I believe she is the woman for me.” | |||
There are people who have done that. It’s a sad thing, and that’s not a joke. The fact is, everybody knows you do need faith in order to marry somebody, and the stupidest thing in the world is to try to build your faith by closing your mind to the facts. The smart thing is to develop your faith, and that’s the natural way to develop your faith, by thinking. How do you decide whether you’re going to have minor surgery? You get up enough faith, and you do this. | |||
You say, “I don’t want to know. I don’t want to know anything about it. I don’t want to know why I need it. I don’t want to know what the effects are. I don’t want to know the side effects. I don’t want to know that. I just want to do it.” Nobody operates like that. In order to get faith enough in the doctor and in the procedure, you study it. Let me ask you this. On Saturday morning if you wake up and you say, “Oh my. I agreed to have this surgery, but now I just can’t.” You call in sick, or you say, “I can’t do it,” or you postpone it or something like that. You’ve lost your faith. | |||
Well, how did you lose your faith? Did you get new information that shows you it wasn’t a good idea? No. You lost your faith because you stopped thinking and you started reacting. You see that? You stopped thinking. You didn’t get new information. You stopped thinking. You just got up and said, “Oh, it’s going to be painful. It’s going to be hard. I’m going to be off work for three days.” Instead of saying, “Wait a minute. If I don’t do it now, this is going to happen later. I’ve studied all this.” No, faith starts by thinking, and when you lose your faith, it’s because you stopped thinking. | |||
Why do you think Paul says we walk by faith, not by sight? He means as you walk by what you know, you stick with what the truth is, and you tell your moods and your feelings and your fears where to get off. That’s faith. We walk by faith, not by sight. We go on what we know, not by what we see, not on what the appearances are, not on what the feeling is, not on how it feels at this moment. We walk by faith. We know. | |||
Three people all say, “Do not fall in love with that guy. He will break your heart.” You believe those people, and they’ve never let you down before, but suddenly you fall under his spell. What have you done? You’ve lost faith in what they said. What happens when he breaks your heart? You wake up, and you say, “Why didn’t I think?” You walked by faith? No, you walked by sight. Faith, therefore, is not the absence of thinking. Not at all. Faith is the highest, and it’s the most complete kind of thinking. | |||
The difference between faith and doubt is unbelief is listening to your heart; faith is talking to your heart. | |||
If you ever hear somebody who says faith is opposed to thinking, faith is a mindlessness, God does not say, “Come unto me and check your brains at the door.” Most of us would agree that it wasn’t until we came to him that we even began to use our brains. Until you become a Christian, you have a tendency to react. You react to things. You say, “I think this way, I do this because I’m Italian, because I’m Jewish, because I’m a WASP. You see? Because I’m from the Midwest, because this is the way my parents taught me, because this is what my friends say, because I’m an English major, and this is how the people in my particular field think.” | |||
You know, you react. You don’t think. When you become a Christian, you say, “Wait a minute now. I have a standard of truth here by which I can judge anything and everything. I cannot just go along.” '''God does not say, “Check your brains at the door.” Faith starts with thinking.'''<ref>Timothy J. Keller, The Timothy Keller Sermon Archive (New York City: Redeemer Presbyterian Church, 2013).</ref> | |||
=How does one lose faith?= | |||
Is faith the opposite of reason and thinking? Absolutely not. You lost faith because you stopped thinking, because you stopped reasoning, because you stopped looking at the evidence and you listened to your emotions and you listened to your fears. It’s silly to think faith is the opposite of reason. | |||
Here’s a good quote. You know the famous passage we used in the confession of sin this morning (Matthew 6) where Jesus says, “If you’re worried, have no anxiety, but think about the lilies of the field. God takes care of them. Think. Have no anxiety, but think about the birds of the air. God takes care of them.” He says, “… o ye of little faith?” If God takes care of the birds and the grass, and you’re more valuable than they, won’t he take care of you? What is Jesus doing? He says, “O ye of little faith? You’re not thinking.” He doesn’t say, “If you want to have faith, stop thinking, and just believe.” That’s not faith. That’s not what the Bible calls faith. | |||
David Martyn Lloyd-Jones says in his great sermon on this passage that Jesus Christ insists that the whole trouble with people of little faith is that they do not think. They don’t gird up the loins of their minds. They allow circumstances to bludgeon them. Think about this. They allow their feelings to collar them. The Bible is full of reasoning. We must never think of faith as something purely mystical. Faith progresses through thinking, Jesus tells us. | |||
Jesus says, “Look at the birds. Think about them. Draw your deductions. Look at the flowers. Do the same.” That is the essence of worry. Instead of letting reason control your thoughts, other things have control of them, and you go round and round in circles. That is not thinking. Worry is the absence of thinking. Unbelief is the absence of thinking. And for the Christian, a lack of faith is a failure to think. “… gird up the loins of your mind …” | |||
Not only that, the Bible tells you that you can’t grow in holiness unless you’re willing to let God take over your thinking. It says in Ephesians 4:22–24 to be renewed through the renewal of your mind. That’s the place where it says, “… put off your old self … put on the new …” and be renewed in the renewal of your mind. Please listen carefully to this. You can’t bifurcate this. Jesus Christ demands all of you. This means many of us come to Christianity wanting something emotional, wanting something personal. | |||
Timothy J. Keller, The Timothy Keller Sermon Archive (New York City: Redeemer Presbyterian Church, 2013). | |||
=The Bible requires us to think= | |||
Christianity is the only thing that encourages thinking and gives a basis for it. There are only three basic worldviews you can have right now today. There have been other worldviews, but there are only three basic philosophies of life out there. | |||
You have scientific materialism, which says there is no soul, there is no supernatural, there is no God, and there is no heaven and hell. Therefore, everything is an accident, and everything has a natural cause. These people will tell you, ultimately, that means your mind is an accident, and the thoughts you’re having right now are just the chance reaction of molecules under your skull. They’re just bouncing off of each other. You believe what you believe strictly because of biological and chemical determinants. Therefore, on the basis of that, there is really no reason for you to trust your thinking. There is no reason for you to reason. Everything is relative. | |||
For the last 30 years, people have been saying, “Because there is no truth, we are free! Our minds are free to think! In the old days, we thought there was a God and there was the Bible. We thought there was this and that, so we couldn’t be free thinkers, but now we know everything is relative. There probably is no God. There certainly is no Bible and revelation, so we are free.” Do you know what that leads to? For about 30 or 40 years, people were saying, “Because all things are relative and all morals are relative, therefore, we shouldn’t impose our values on each other.” | |||
That doesn’t make sense. If all morality is relative, why not impose your values on other people? That’s just your value that says you shouldn’t impose your values on other people. Don’t you see that? If there is no truth, there is no basis for freedom of thought at all. “I’ll control your thought if I want to. I’ll do whatever I want.” | |||
The postmodern deconstructionists say, “Because all values are socially constructed there is no right and wrong. The purpose of life is not to try to find out what truth is and what justice is and conform to it. Absolutely not! You do whatever the heck you want,” which means there is no search for truth. There is no reason to reason. There is no reason to think. It’s all a power struggle. | |||
“Whoever has the power, whoever comes out on top is the one who rules. We don’t find out what is right. We don’t find out what is wrong. There is no right and wrong.” Don’t you see that scientific materialism leads to the death of thinking? “You don’t need to think. You can’t trust your thinking.” That’s the first basic philosophy you have. | |||
The second basic philosophy is Eastern monism (Eastern pantheism and Eastern religions). You know what they believe about rationality. They believe, and anyone will tell you this who understands the New Age and understands the Eastern religions, what is wrong with us is that we think, that we’re rational, that we reason. Eastern meditation is after what they call pure awareness without thought. Eastern meditation says what you need to see is that it’s all one. “You’re one with the tree. You’re one with nature.” There is no individuality. | |||
Eastern thought tries to frustrate the reason and tries to frustrate your analysis. It says, “Eventually we’re all going to go back into the All Soul, and there won’t be individualism. There won’t be individuals. There won’t be personality. There won’t be rationality. We’ll all be one.” Eastern religion gives you no basis for rationality, but Christianity, or I should say the religion of the Bible (Judaism and Christianity and even Islam, which is based very much on the Bible) teaches there was a God who created the world who was rational. | |||
“If there is a God who is rational, my reason is not an accident of molecules, and my reason is not an illusion. My reason is a reflection of his person. It means if a rational and orderly God created the world, then when I use my reason I’m going to find out what is really out there.” I can’t go into this any further, but I want you to know philosophically, at the end of the twentieth century, Christianity is the only thing in the world tonight that really encourages you to use your mind. | |||
It’s the only thing in the world tonight that gives you a basis for doing it, and it’s the only thing in the world that really liberates the thinking. Somebody says, “What are you talking about? I got out of Christianity because I felt I couldn’t be liberated. Now I can think of whatever I want to think about.” Let me tell you something. The Bible says you’re not free unless you know the truth. “… the truth will set you free.” | |||
Do you know why? Look at all the people who really understood the truth and said, “The Bible is the truth.” That’s freedom. Do you know why? No matter what your friends tell you, no matter what your political party tells you, no matter what the ideology tells you, no matter what the dictator or the king who is ready to cut your head off tells you, you know what the truth is. | |||
If you have the Bible, if you know there is an absolute truth, you could be the only person in the whole world, it could be you against the entire world, and you can know you’re right. Look at Elijah standing before Ahab. Look at Moses standing before Pharaoh. Look at Paul standing before Herod Agrippa. Look at Polycarp in AD 88, the old man standing in the coliseum. They were about to throw him to the lions, and he said, “Away with you all!” He dies. Look at Latimer and Ridley being burned at the stake. Look at Martin Luther standing before the whole world. | |||
These were free thinkers because they knew and because they had submitted to the truth. Now they had a standard by which they could judge any ideology. They had a standard by which they could judge any philosophy. They weren’t the victims of their culture anymore. They weren’t the victims of their party. They were always able to judge their own culture and their own party and their own philosophy and their own school. I tell you, Christianity is the only basis for being a free thinker. It’s the only basis and encouragement for actually using your mind. | |||
To conclude, if you don’t believe it, let me tell you why. If you want me to tell you why Christianity stimulates the use of the mind, I can prove it to you historically. Wherever there have been revivals, great awakenings in the history of the world, you will see the common people always receive the gospel. You go back to the New Testament, and it says, “… the common people heard [Jesus] gladly.” | |||
Well, all the religious leaders thought that proved he couldn’t be a great teacher. “Look, the common people like you! The common people are following you.” Of course, all through the early church, they were all the common people. They were the slaves. They were the illiterates. And what happened? Their minds woke up. The gospel always arouses the thinking. Throughout the history of the church, throughout the history of the world, whenever the gospel has spread amongst people, their minds wake up and they want schools. | |||
Look at Dartmouth. Look at Princeton. You know where they came from. There was a Great Awakening in this country in the 1730s, 40s, and 50s. The people who never cared about reading and writing, when they became Christians, they said, “I want to think! I’m a human being now. I’m not an animal anymore. I thought I was. I want to think. I want to read. I want to write.” Those were schools started out of the revival. | |||
The gospel always makes you gird up your mind, and do you know why? Because the gospel is not a teaching. The gospel is not a philosophy that says, “Here, live in this way. Just live in this way.” That doesn’t make you think. The gospel says, “God has broken into the world in the form of Jesus Christ, and Jesus Christ is the Son of God. He died for us, and he was raised from the dead.” Don’t you see? You can’t even listen to that teaching without it electrifying the mind. It challenges the mind. It shocks the mind. | |||
It’s not at all like a philosophy of how to live. That doesn’t stir up the mind. The gospel stirs up the mind. You can’t even reject the gospel without using your mind because the claims are so incredible. God has broken into history. “… when the time had fully come, God sent his Son … born under law to redeem those under law, that we might receive the full rights of sons [of God].” That claim is so incredible you can’t even reject the gospel without thinking because you have to say, “What is the evidence for the resurrection, and how do I know these things?” | |||
It’s so stunning. It’s so challenging because the gospel makes you think. It wakes you up. The gospel always makes you gird up the loins of your mind. Have you done that? Have you submitted your mind to him? There are only two kinds of people here tonight. The first kind are the people who think Christianity is something maybe that might help them privately spiritually, but they really are afraid to actually let it challenge their minds. If Jesus is who he says he is, you must belong to him wholly: intellectually, emotionally, and volitionally. | |||
If he is the Son of God as he said, if he rose from the dead as was claimed, you have to look at that evidence. You can’t just say, “Well, I don’t know what I think about all of this. I want to just have a kind of personal, mystical experience. I just want to have peace.” You can’t do it. God says, “I will not come into your life unless I come in through your mind. You have to receive the form of teaching. You have to look at the evidence. You have to believe it. You have to check it out.” Don’t you dare try to do it and run around the mind. Listen to the gospel. Let it argue with you. | |||
Lastly, friends, some of you are Christians, but you’re not very consistent Christians because, really, so many people come out of fundamentalism or come out of liberalism or out of all these different churches I told you, and they all really do bypass the mind. Don’t you dare. You need to study the Word of God. You have to let the Word of God sink in. You have to let your mind be completely bathed in the authority of God. “… gird up the loins of your mind …” Let’s pray.<ref>Timothy J. Keller, The Timothy Keller Sermon Archive (New York City: Redeemer Presbyterian Church, 2013).</ref> | |||
But we got to cast down reasons, till it's contrary--if it's contrary to God's Word.<ref>THE.INTER.VEIL_ STURGIS.MI SATURDAY_ 56-0121</ref> | |||
To a certain degree, it’s possible to say that, but ultimately that’s an unhelpful statement because there is a sense that people would believe, therefore, that faith is opposed to reason. Is that what the Bible says? Is that what Paul says? Paul does not say that. | |||
Timothy J. Keller, The Timothy Keller Sermon Archive (New York City: Redeemer Presbyterian Church, 2013). | |||
...for we walk by faith, not by sight.<ref>The Holy Bible: English Standard Version (Wheaton: Standard Bible Society, 2001), 2 Co 5:7</ref> | |||
Paul says, “We live by faith, not by sight.” Paul never says, “We walk by faith, not by reason.” Paul never says, “We walk by faith, not by thinking,” because faith and reason, faith and thinking are not opposed to each other. Faith and sight are opposed to each other, because faith is being controlled by the truth.<ref>Timothy J. Keller, The Timothy Keller Sermon Archive (New York City: Redeemer Presbyterian Church, 2013).<ref/> | |||
Skeptics sometimes portray Christians as both “unreasonable” and “unreasoning”. The Christian culture only exacerbates the problem when it advocates for a definition of “faith” removed from evidence. Is true faith blind? How are true believers to respond to doubt? What is the relationship between faith and reason? Richard Dawkins once said: | Skeptics sometimes portray Christians as both “unreasonable” and “unreasoning”. The Christian culture only exacerbates the problem when it advocates for a definition of “faith” removed from evidence. Is true faith blind? How are true believers to respond to doubt? What is the relationship between faith and reason? Richard Dawkins once said: | ||